Biologics and Biosimilars: The Future of Pharmaceuticals

Introduction

Biologics and biosimilars are revolutionizing the landscape of pharmaceutical therapy, offering innovative treatment options for a wide range of diseases. As complex biological molecules derived from living organisms, biologics possess unique properties that enable targeted therapy and personalized medicine. Biosimilars, on the other hand, provide cost-effective alternatives to reference biologics, expanding patient access to essential treatments. This essay explores the significance of biologics and biosimilars in shaping the future of pharmaceutical therapy.

Biologics: A Groundbreaking Approach in Drug Development

Biologics are a groundbreaking approach in drug development. They utilize biotechnology's capabilities to create precise therapeutic agents. Complex molecules like antibodies, vaccines, and gene therapies make up biologics. Their design targets specific cells, proteins, or pathways within the body. Biologics leverage natural biological processes, providing tailored treatments. They can tackle root causes of diseases like cancer, autoimmune issues, and genetic conditions.

Transforming Disease Treatment

Biologics are drugs created from living cells. They have transformed how many serious diseases are treated. Monoclonal antibodies, a type of biologic, have changed cancer treatment. They find and attack cancer cells but leave healthy cells alone. Other biologics help with autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. These drugs ease painful symptoms. They greatly improve patients’ quality of life.

Challenges of Biologics

Biologics have massive therapeutic power yet pose special tests. Complex making leads to higher costs, more differences between batches. Issues with immunity response and long-term safety demand careful tracking, tight rules.

Biosimilars: Cost-Effective Alternatives

Biosimilars are a key new thing in pharma, offering same effect options to reference biologics at lower prices. These very similar bio products go through strict checks to ensure matching safety, effectiveness, and quality as reference versions. By using advances in biotech and manufacturing, biosimilars provide cost-saving solutions to rising healthcare costs, improving access to crucial treatments.

Increasing Competition and Improving Quality

Biosimilars have brought a new wave of competition in the pharmaceutical world. As original biologic drugs lose their patent protections, biosimilar makers can offer cheaper versions. This market rivalry pushes companies to improve production methods, leading to higher quality and lower costs for patients. Simple and affordable alternatives are now available for biologic treatments.

The Future of Medicine: Advancements in Biologics and Biosimilars

The future of medicine is deeply connected to advancements in biologics and biosimilars. More research in biotechnology means more potential for new therapies. Novel approaches like gene editing and cell therapies could provide personalized cures for diseases once thought incurable. Short, straightforward sentences convey key ideas clearly. Complex topics are broken down into understandable parts for easy reading comprehension at middle school levels.

Global Impact of Biosimilars

Biosimilars can positively change healthcare systems across the globe, especially where money is tight. Offering more affordable options to high-priced biologic treatments, biosimilars improve access to crucial medicines for millions. This tackles uneven healthcare availability and lessens disease burden worldwide.

Innovative biologic therapies and biosimilars transform pharmaceutical care, giving targeted treatment choices, cost-saving alternatives, and better patient access to vital medicines. Looking ahead, ongoing investments in biotech and regulatory frameworks fuel unleashing these medicines full lifesaving potential. Harnessing biologics and biosimilars power shapes a healthier, more equitable future globally.

References

1. Schiestl M, Stangler T, Torella C, Čepeljnik T, Toll H, Grau R. Acceptable changes in quality attributes of glycosylated biopharmaceuticals. Nat Biotechnol. 2011;29(4):310-312.
2. Webster CJ, Woollett GR, Pederson N, Gay B. Biosimilars: the significance of the science of comparability. Biologicals. 2014;42(4):177-182.
3. FDA. Biosimilars: FDA's Approach to Help Patients Access Treatment. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/biosimilars/biosimilar-development-review-and-approval Accessed 25 March 2024.
4. European Medicines Agency. Biosimilars in the EU: Information Guide for Healthcare Professionals. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/leaflet/biosimilars-eu-information-guide-healthcare-professionals_en.pdfAccessed 25 March 2024.
5. Declerck PJ. Biosimilar monoclonal antibodies: a science-based regulatory challenge. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2013;13(11):153-156.

The pharmaceutical industry is undergoing a significant transformation driven by innovations and emerging technologies. These advancements are revolutionizing how medications are prescribed, delivered, and utilized, ultimately enhancing patient care. Key developments include digital medicine management systems and advanced drug delivery platforms, which are part of a broader shift towards information-driven and digital approaches in pharmacy practice.

Digital and Data-Driven Advances in Pharmacy

Pharmacists are increasingly adopting technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and big data analytics. These tools allow for continuous communication across healthcare settings, optimization of operations, and facilitation of medication reconciliation. The integration of electronic health records (EHRs) and digital platforms further enhances patient safety and efficiency.

Personalized Medicine and Pharmacogenomics

A major area of innovation is pharmacogenomics and personalized therapy. By customizing drug regimens based on individual genetic makeup and biomarkers, pharmacogenomic testing enables precise drug selection and dosing. This approach not only minimizes adverse drug reactions but also improves medication adherence, leading to better therapeutic outcomes.

Telepharmacy and Remote Medication Management

Telepharmacy and remote medication management are becoming crucial, especially in underserved areas, by expanding access to pharmacy services. Through medication therapy management (MTM) services and virtual consultations, pharmacists can provide personalized care and support remotely. Telepharmacies improve medication access, patient convenience, and enable proactive interventions to address medication-related issues, leading to improved health outcomes.

Wearable Technology and Smart Drug Delivery Systems

Innovative technologies such as wearable technology and smart drug delivery systems, including transdermal patches and smart inhalers, allow for precise dosage administration and real-time monitoring of medication compliance and effectiveness. Wearable devices like smartwatches and biosensors enable patients to track medication intake, monitor vital signs, and receive tailored health insights, promoting proactive healthcare decision-making and self-management.

Ethical and Regulatory Considerations

The adoption of these pharmacy innovations must be approached with caution, addressing privacy, regulatory, and ethical issues. Regulatory bodies play a crucial role in assessing the safety, efficacy, and quality of these technologies, ensuring patient privacy and well-being.

Conclusion: The Future of Pharmacy

Pharmacy is poised for a bright future as patient-centered care, precision medicine, and digital health continue to transform healthcare delivery. By embracing innovation, collaboration, and evidence-based practice, pharmacists are leading the way in enhancing drug therapy and improving patient outcomes.

References

1. Hughes MS, Addala A, Buckingham B. "Digital technology for diabetes." N Engl J Med 2023;389:2076-86.
2. Chen C, Ding S, Wang J. "Digital health for aging populations." Nature Medicine. 2023 Jul;29(7):1623-30.
3. Tu J, Torrente‐Rodríguez RM, Wang M, Gao W. "The era of digital health: A review of portable and wearable affinity biosensors." Advanced Functional Materials. 2020 Jul;30(29):1906713.
4. Amft O. "How wearable computing is shaping digital health." IEEE Pervasive Computing. 2018 Mar 15;17(1):92-8.
5. Zhu P, Peng H, Rwei AY. "Flexible, wearable biosensors for digital health." Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices. 2022 Jun 1;14:100118.

Dr. Ashwani Dhar MD, DMI. Chairman & CEO, ThinkRoman Ventures

Dr. Ashwani Dhar is a highly accomplished physician leader from California with a passion for leveraging emerging technologies to deliver patient-centered care and improve outcomes. He has extensive experience in healthcare and technology, having held leadership roles in both sectors.

Currently, Dr. Dhar serves as the Chairman and CEO of ThinkRoman Ventures, a company that specializes in providing innovative solutions for healthcare providers and consumers at the intersection of technology and healthcare. He is also the Co-Founder and President of Avenida Innovations LLP, an organization that aims to transform healthcare and education by improving the way healthcare is delivered and education is offered.

He is also the Senior Vice President of KardioGenics, Inc., a medical device company offering solutions as a service, where he leads the development of a wearable device- based data-as-a-service platform that provides physicians and healthcare providers with actionable clinical insights in real-time.

Dr. Dhar is a highly sought-after advisor and mentor, and he currently advises and mentors CEOs and healthcare startups at UCSF California Health Hub. He is also the Chairman and CEO of Kairos R and D Solutions Pvt Ltd, which provides comprehensive and integrated clinical research services to help clients and partners pursue drug development and deliver life-changing therapies that improve health.

Prior to his current roles, Dr. Dhar worked for 12 years at Cerner Corporation, one of the world's leading providers of health information systems, where he held several leadership positions, including Director of Physician Executive and Chief Medical Information Officer.

Dr. Dhar has received numerous accolades for his work in healthcare and technology, including a post-graduate degree in medical informatics from the Royal College of Surgeons in Edinburgh, UK, and Leadership Strategies for Evolving Health Care Executives from the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. He is an active member of HIMSS and the American College of Healthcare Executive.

Outside of his work, Dr. Dhar is involved in many philanthropic activities and lives with his family in the San Francisco Bay Area of California.

ThinkRoman Ventures has launched ORZUV https://orzuv.life an online health and wellness magazine and also the ORZUV TOWN SQUARE – https://orzuvtown.com a place to share and learn

ThinkRoman is at the intersection of technology and healthcare .Has launched an AI powered symptom checker https://trcare.ai and will soon have a telehealth portal to help serve high quality health care

The integration of wearable devices into digital health technology

has transformed the landscape of personalized healthcare, marking a significant shift in how individuals monitor and manage their well-being. From the early days of basic pedometers to today's sophisticated smartwatches and fitness trackers, wearables have evolved to become indispensable tools in promoting healthier lifestyles and managing chronic conditions.

The evolution of wearables

can be traced through distinct phases, from basic fitness trackers that focused on counting steps to the current generation of devices that offer a myriad of health monitoring capabilities. The success of early wearables laid the foundation for more advanced generations, incorporating features like heart rate monitoring, sleep tracking, and even advanced functionalities such as electrocardiograms (ECG) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).

Health monitoring capabilities

have become a cornerstone of wearables, providing users with real-time insights into various aspects of their well-being. These devices seamlessly integrate into daily life, offering features such as heart rate monitoring for cardiovascular health, sleep tracking for better sleep quality, and blood pressure monitoring for a holistic approach to health assessment. The inclusion of features like SpO2 monitoring, ECG, stress tracking, and even temperature monitoring demonstrates the diverse range of health metrics wearables can now measure.

The impact of wearables extends beyond

just fitness tracking; they have become integral tools in chronic disease management. Individuals with conditions like diabetes, cardiovascular issues, respiratory disorders, and neurological conditions benefit from continuous monitoring, early detection of anomalies, and timely alerts for medical intervention. Wearables empower patients to actively manage their health, providing a more personalized and proactive approach to healthcare delivery. Integrating wearables into existing healthcare systems presents challenges such as interoperability, data standardization, and ensuring data security and privacy.

However, overcoming these challenges unlocks the potential for wearables to contribute to electronic health records (EHRs), remote patient monitoring, telehealth, and population health management. The synergy between wearables and healthcare systems has the potential to revolutionize patient care, fostering a more connected, proactive, and personalized approach.

Behavioral change and user engagement

are critical factors in the effectiveness of wearables. Gamification, social connectivity, personalized recommendations, real-time feedback, goal setting, education, and continuous innovation are strategies employed by wearables to inspire and empower users to adopt and maintain healthier lifestyles. By incorporating these elements, wearables become not only tracking tools but catalysts for positive and enduring lifestyle changes. As technology continues to advance, wearables will likely see further innovation in features, functionalities, and user interfaces.

Emerging technologies

such as augmented reality and advanced sensors may contribute to enhancing the overall user experience. The ongoing integration of wearables into healthcare represents a transformative shift towards a more personalized, preventative, and patient-centric approach, where individuals actively participate in their health management. Wearables have become a driving force in the digital health revolution, marking a paradigm shift towards a future where personalized healthcare is at the forefront of well-being.

References

• Hughes MS, Addala A, Buckingham B. Digital technology for diabetes. N Engl J Med 2023;389:2076-86.
• Chen C, Ding S, Wang J. Digital health for aging populations. Nature Medicine. 2023 Jul;29(7):1623-30.
• Tu J, Torrente‐Rodríguez RM, Wang M, Gao W. The era of digital health: A review of portable and wearable affinity biosensors. Advanced Functional Materials. 2020 Jul;30(29):1906713.
• Amft O. How wearable computing is shaping digital health. IEEE Pervasive Computing. 2018 Mar 15;17(1):92-8.
• Zhu P, Peng H, Rwei AY. Flexible, wearable biosensors for digital health. Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices. 2022 Jun 1;14:100118.

Introduction

In the dawn of 2024, the global spotlight on sustainability has intensified, propelling humanity into an era where innovation and lifestyle changes converge for the betterment of our planet. This article delves into the ground breaking advancements and evolving lifestyles that define the current landscape of sustainable living.

Renewable Energy Revolution:

In 2024, renewable energy has become the heartbeat of sustainable living. Solar power, in particular, has witnessed an exponential surge, contributing to 40% of the world's energy consumption. Countries like Germany and China lead the way, harnessing sunlight to power homes, businesses, and even transportation systems. The International Energy Agency reports that global renewable energy capacity is set to increase by 50% within the next three years, underscoring a significant shift toward cleaner, more sustainable energy sources.

According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), renewable energy capacity is projected to grow from 2,537 GW in 2020 to over 3,800 GW by 2024.

Smart Cities for a Smarter Tomorrow:

The concept of smart cities has transcended mere urban planning, it is now a blueprint for sustainable living. Cities worldwide are integrating cutting-edge technologies to optimize resource usage, reduce carbon footprints, and enhance overall liveability. Singapore, often hailed as a model smart city, employs a sophisticated network of sensors and AI algorithms to manage energy, waste, and traffic flow seamlessly. By 2024, it is estimated that over 70% of the world's population will reside in smart cities, marking a paradigm shift towards sustainable urban living.

The smart city market is expected to reach $820.7 billion by 2025, with an annual growth rate of 23.5%.

Green Architecture Redefined:

Architectural marvels in 2024 are characterized by their commitment to sustainability. Buildings are no longer just structures, they are living ecosystems designed to minimize environmental impact. The Bosco Verticale in Milan stands tall as a testament to this trend, with its vertical forest of over 9,000 trees absorbing carbon dioxide and producing oxygen. With the global construction sector accounting for nearly 40% of energy-related carbon dioxide emissions, such innovations are crucial in reshaping the future of sustainable architecture.

The global green building market is anticipated to reach $388.6 billion by 2023, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13.1%.

Circular Economy in Practice:

The shift from a linear to a circular economy is gaining momentum, with businesses rethinking production processes and waste management. Patagonia, a trailblazer in sustainable fashion, has embraced circularity by encouraging customers to return old clothing for recycling. This approach not only reduces waste but also fosters a sense of responsibility among consumers. By 2024, it is projected that circular economy initiatives could generate an additional $4.5 trillion in economic output, emphasizing the economic viability of sustainable practices.

The Ellen MacArthur Foundation estimates that circular economy initiatives could create $1.8 trillion in economic benefits by 2030.

Tech-Driven Eco-Conscious Lifestyles:

Advancements in technology have empowered individuals to lead eco-conscious lifestyles. The rise of electric vehicles (EVs) is a prime example, with major automakers committing to phasing out traditional combustion engines. Tesla's Cybertruck, set to hit the markets in 2024, boasts a fully sustainable design with an exoskeleton made of recyclable materials. As of 2023, EV sales have surged by 80%, signifying a growing global preference for environmentally friendly transportation options.

Electric vehicle sales are projected to comprise 35% of global car sales by 2040, with an estimated 116 million EVs on the road.

Embracing sustainable living

Embracing sustainable living is a commendable goal, and there are many simple yet impactful actions that a common person can take to contribute to a more sustainable lifestyle. Here's a list of things you can consider:

1.Reduce, Reuse, Recycle:

Minimize single-use plastics.

Recycle paper, glass, and plastic responsibly.

Opt for products with minimal packaging.

2.Conserve Energy:

Use energy-efficient appliances.

Turn off lights and electronics when not in use.

Consider using LED bulbs.

3.Water Conservation:

Fix leaks promptly.

Install water-saving devices.

Practice mindful water usage (e.g., shorter showers).

4.Sustainable Transportation:

Use public transport, carpool, or bike.

Choose energy-efficient or electric vehicles.

Walk for short distances.

5.Eat Sustainably:

Consume local and seasonal produce.

Reduce meat consumption or explore plant-based alternatives.

Minimize food waste.

6.Support Sustainable Brands:

Choose products from companies with eco-friendly practices.

Look for certifications like Fair Trade, organic, or eco-friendly labels.

7.Conscious Shopping:

Buy second-hand or vintage items.

Consider the environmental impact before making purchases.

Use reusable bags and containers.

8.Reduce Carbon Footprint:

Plant trees or support reforestation initiatives.

Offset carbon emissions when possible.

Be mindful of energy consumption in your daily activities.

9.Composting:

Compost organic waste instead of sending it to landfills.

Use compost for gardening or donate it to local farms.

10.Educate Yourself and Others:

Stay informed about environmental issues.

Share knowledge with friends and family to encourage sustainable practices.

11.Community Involvement:

Participate in local clean-up events.

Support community gardens or green initiatives.

12.Green Energy:

Invest in renewable energy sources for your home.

Consider solar panels or wind turbines if feasible.

13.Mindful Water Usage:

Collect rainwater for gardening.

Install water-saving fixtures in your home.

14.Mindful Cleaning:

Use eco-friendly cleaning products.

Avoid harsh chemicals harmful to the environment.

15.Reduce Electronic Waste:

Recycle old electronics responsibly.

Consider repairing instead of replacing.

Remember, even small changes in your daily habits can have a positive impact over time. It's about making conscious choices that collectively contribute to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly way of life.

Conclusion:

In 2024, the trajectory of sustainable living is not just a trend, it is a necessary evolution. With renewable energy at the forefront, smart cities paving the way for urban sustainability, and innovative approaches to architecture, production, and lifestyle choices, we are witnessing a transformative era. The statistics and examples presented here underscore the palpable shift towards a more harmonious coexistence with our planet, leaving an indelible mark on the future of sustainable living.

Introduction:

As winter settles in, the enchanting landscapes blanketed in snow bring a unique charm. However, the colder months also usher in a set of challenges that require careful attention to ensure safety. Winter safety is a crucial aspect of maintaining well-being during this season. This article aims to highlight key measures individuals can take to prevent injuries and accidents amid the winter chill.

1. Navigating Icy Walkways:

Icy sidewalks and pathways pose a significant risk during winter. To prevent slips and falls, it is essential to wear appropriate footwear with good traction. Applying ice melt or sand to walkways can enhance traction and reduce the likelihood of accidents. Additionally, taking shorter steps and walking at a slower pace can provide better stability on slippery surfaces.

2. Safe Winter Driving:

Winter driving demands heightened caution. Before hitting the road, ensure your vehicle is winter-ready with proper tires, adequate antifreeze, and functional brakes. Clear all snow and ice from your vehicle, including headlights and taillights, for optimal visibility. Maintain a safe following distance, reduce speed, and avoid unnecessary travel during severe weather conditions.

3. Dressing for the Cold:

Proper attire is crucial to ward off the winter chill. Layering clothing helps retain body heat, and waterproof outer layers provide protection from snow and sleet. Don't forget essential accessories such as hats, gloves, and scarves to prevent frostbite. It's important to stay dry, as wet clothing can lead to rapid heat loss, increasing the risk of hypothermia.

4. Home Heating Safety:

As temperatures drop, the use of heating systems increases. Ensure that heating appliances are in good working condition, and follow safety guidelines for space heaters and fireplaces. Keep flammable items away from heating sources, and install carbon monoxide detectors to prevent the risk of poisoning. Regular maintenance and inspections are key to a safe and warm home.

5. Shoveling Snow Safely:

While snow shoveling is a common winter task, it can be physically demanding and potentially hazardous. Warm up before shoveling, and use proper lifting techniques to avoid strain on the back. Take frequent breaks, stay hydrated, and be mindful of your body's limitations. If possible, consider using a snow blower to minimize physical exertion.

6. Preventing Seasonal Illness

Winter is synonymous with cold and flu season. Practice good hygiene by washing hands frequently, getting vaccinated, and avoiding close contact with sick individuals. Maintain a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet, regular exercise, and adequate sleep to bolster your immune system.

Winter safety is a collective responsibility that requires vigilance and proactive measures. By adopting these practical tips, individuals can navigate the winter months with greater confidence, minimizing the risk of injuries and accidents. Embrace the beauty of winter while prioritizing safety to ensure a healthy and enjoyable season for yourself and those around you.

Doomsday is upon us. Planet earth is bleeding heavily, and the air is the cause of suffering for millions. More than 1.6 million premature deaths of infants in India are associated with pollution. Still, we can take precautions to deal with these alarming rising problems. Along with air pollution, water pollution, soil/land pollution, noise pollution, and even light pollution are causing dramatic changes to the ecology affecting every organism on the planet. We can consume organic food and drink filtered water, but what about air? Can we possibly filter every speck of air we breathe in? Is it under our control? Should we confine ourselves in a safe, non-polluted room for our entire life? Is it practical? One of the most polluted cities on the earth and Delhi, India’s national capital, has seen that cases of asthma have risen. Six million people suffer from an asthma attack every year.

Asthma is just one condition, but many other respiratory problems and diseases are increasing among the population at an alarming rate, and we have limited options to prevent them. Also, air pollution cause damage to crops, vegetation, forests, multiple diseases sensitivity to both humans and plants, climate changes, precipitation changes, cancer and even premature births.

We must realize that money cannot buy everything. The fundamental rights of the next generation to live are being taken away by our ignorance and selfishness. These are the RIGHT TO BREATHE SAFELY, RIGHT TO DRINK SAFELY, RIGHT TO SEE GREEN, RIGHT TO RELISH NATURE, RIGHT TO SHARE THE COOL TREES SHED, and so on. They are undocumented and non-written in law books. In general, people avoid talking about them. However, there will come a day when it will be old history and tales from antiquity. Who will be left behind? Is there a chance for people to survive without trees? The answer is simple, but the prospect is complex and scary.

Amid all this haphazardness, a healing process has started. Have you heard of Tree Ambulance? Yes, an ambulance service for Trees! It is a new concept, but it is not very well-known. It needs to change. People need to know!

The healing process involves:

Harit Pran Trust is a non-governmental organization (NGO). A collection of medical professionals, doctors, teachers, social workers, thoughtful citizens, and brilliant volunteers work with the trust. On April 1st, they began the April Cool celebration, Dr. Dinesh Bansal, the president of Harit Pran Trust, stated, New-born children and planted saplings do not survive without proper care. Harit Pran distributes free saplings to patients and their attendants and requests them to take care of the plant like their children. A survey reveals that more than 70% of saplings are growing well. It proves the importance of guardianship to a newly planted sapling.

Even though they lack official funding or sponsorships, they have planted tens of thousands of trees. On a healthy discharge from the hospital, these patients are often given a tree as a present. The trees given as gifts are a metaphor for life, and it is encouraging to see how doctors and patients silently agreed to worry about more than just their physical well-being. In addition to planting trees and safeguarding them, these doctors want to inspire others to follow the same path and to educate responsible individuals on their genuine obligations.

They have also launched an ambulance service. It is a unique concept. Everyone knows that construction and development cause many trees chop down and plants forced to lose their habitat. Many old houses on remodeling cut their home trees only to modernize their houses. They put the bricks and take out the very soul from it. This trust relocates such plants and trees to safer places where they can thrive. People can go through any development process, and nature will not be affected. And it is a free service!

Jaipur introduced Tree Ambulance nearly 8 to 9 years ago, and it has the purpose of taking care of the needs of plants and trees around the city. Several volunteers have gathered to support the cause and make the land greener and happier. They are a registered society and do not take funds from the government.

In May 2019, Abdul Ghani launched a tree ambulance for the state of Chennai. The idea is to take care of trees and restore them. Amritsar, Bundelkhand, and a few more cities have started their service for this harmony.

It is not just an idea, an organization, or a trust.

It is not a novel discovery.

It is an emotion!

It makes me connect to nature.

It makes me a responsible citizen to know something like that. It makes me believe that we humans are not that cruel. It is a positive change, and I wish everybody embraces it, cherishes it, and honors it.

I completed a month of my first ever on site internship. I had been working from home earlier but to sit and work from office is a different ball game.

As a 19 year old, I think it opened so many doors for me. Sharing my learnings here because I think it’s high time we normalise taking baby steps and not going for the far fetched goals.

• Always GREET the people with a smile. You never know how your colleagues are doing.

Greeting each other with a smile is the bare minimum and can actually brighten someone’s bad day.

•It’s always you who has to MAKE THE FIRST MOVE. Take a step, go ahead and introduce yourself to your seniors. You may feel intimidated and nervous, but never let that show on your face.

•PRENTENTIOUS TAKES YOU NOWHERE. The real you stay, the more you attract people around you.

•INTERACT with your seniors and colleagues. There’s always something to learn from everyone. The way they work, the experiences they’ve had. The mistakes they’ve made and you can avoid. The more you communicate with colleagues in a grapevine form of communication ,the better you’ll get at it in a workspace.

I would suggest everyone to get out of their comfort zones and look at this world beyond the laptop screens.

There are so many people around you who have made their way right from the scratch and such energies only fill you up with optimism.

As I bid goodbye to my colleagues there, I take ahead my experiences and learnings in life

Historically, many medical treatments were based more on superstition and cultural beliefs than on scientific understanding. Here are a few of the most bizarre medical treatments from history:

Surgical treatments

Hemiglossectomy: This procedure involved removing half of the tongue and was used to treat stuttering.

Trepanation: Practice of drilling holes in someone's head and was thought to relieve pressure in the head and allow evil spirits to escape.

Transplantation of goat testicles: To treat impotence, infertility, and sexual dysfunction in men by surgically insert goat testicles into the scrotum.

Herbal and other medical treatments

Arsenic medicine: Pi Shuang (arsenic) was used to cure syphilis and malaria.

Coca-Cola: Originated from Red wine and cocoa leaves to be used as a therapeutic tonic.

Tapeworm Diet: People consumed tapeworm eggs for weight loss. People still do it!

Rat toothpaste: In Egypt, rats were slaughtered and converted into a paste that was used to treat toothaches and sore gums.

Mice halves: Mice treated illnesses like measles, whooping cough, and smallpox but also bedwetting.

Rabbit poop tea: Tea made with rabbit poop was once used to treat hangovers.

Natural Birth Control: Sea sponges, tree sap, elephant dung, and crocodile dung were used as birth control in the past.

Power of Sympathy: Humans used to think that compassion could heal deadly wounds.

Magic Charms: Peoplewrote Abracadabra on paper and wore this paper as a charm around their necks to cure diseases.

Some other bizarre treatments

Smoking: People received treatment for asthma through smoking.

Corpse Medicine: Human bodies were used to cure bruises, epilepsy, and migraines.

Electrotherapy: Throughout the 1700s, the use of electrotherapy in numerous medical treatments for epilepsy, tapeworm, sterility, paralysis, and even toothaches were famous.

Whale Incubation: For rheumatism treatment, men spent about 30 hours inside a dead, decomposing whale.

Sacrificial rituals: The practice of offering sacrifices to improve the health of the family, society, and local area.

Faith healing: Typhus was healed by prayer in the tenth century.

Insane Insanity treatments: Freezing water showers and spinning on whirling seats to treat Schizophrenia.

Cornflakes: Prevented sexual desires from surfacing and abstained from then-proclaimed sins like masturbation.

Hysterical paroxysm: A euphemism for the female orgasm, once treated as a medical condition.

Treating Hypochondria: Hitler used crystal meth, a modern party drug with chemical properties like methamphetamine for treating Hypochondria.

Fart Jars: People whiff from the stinking jar to get protection from a lethal plague struck their area.

Conclusion

While we may find these treatments bizarre and often horrifying, then reflected the knowledge and beliefs of their time. We must remember the importance of scientific inquiry and scepticism, ensuring we don’t fall prey to unproven and potentially harmful practices in the future.

Using verbal or visual messaging, advertisements market goods, services, or political causes. Companies can pay a platform operator with a comparable audience to broadcast these messages on their behalf. As you might expect, there are many different types of commercials, and they all have different goals for their companies.

This would be a list of the 10 all-time greatest advertisements, in no particular order:

1. Nike: Just Do It.

Nike's sales peaked in 1998 at $9.2 billion, up from $800 million in 1988. Many still experience that feeling when they exercise, and the song "Just Do It" perfectly captured it. We can all identify with the motto's motivation to push ourselves past our comfort zones.

The Lesson

When you're trying to find the ideal approach to promote your brand, ask yourself: what problem are you solving for your customers? What kind of resolution does your product or service offer? You will be able to connect with customers on an emotional level that is difficult to ignore if you address that fundamental problem in all of your messaging.

2. Coke: Share a Coke

Being so massive makes it difficult for big brands to achieve anything groundbreaking. What then did Coca-Cola do to win over the general public? By including names on each bottle, they made a personal appeal.

To launch the Share a Coke campaign in Australia, Coca-Cola customized each bottle with the 150 most common names in the nation in 2011. The United States has since adopted this custom by printing first names in the Coke logo typeface on the front of its bottles and cans. You can even order personalized Coke bottles online and ask for things like nicknames and college logos.

This was a breaking story in the marketing and advertising industries. In any case, Coke's ad garnered immediate attention.

The lesson

Regular customers of Lesson Coke are fans, and the business completely embraced that sense of personal ownership. Even if it isn't your name, the vending machine encourages you to "share a Coke" with whoever's name is on the front, so that in and of itself was a wonderful thrill.

3. Miller Lite: Great Taste, Less Filling (1974)

The Miller Brewing Company (now MillerCoors) conquered the market for light beers. The "Excellent Taste, Less Filling" campaign sought to dispel the widespread myth that light beer can never taste good and persuade "real men" to consume it. Miller addressed the argument head-on by showcasing men sipping their light beer and praising its flavor.

The Lesson

Miller Lite dominated the light beer industry it had virtually created for decades after this advertisement ran. What can marketers take away from this? Attempt to stand out. Create your own category if someone tells you there isn't room for your goods so you can take the lead right away.

4. Google: Year in Search (2017)

Zeitgeist, a written study of the top Google searches conducted by users in the previous 12 months, was the name of Year in Search's initial 2009 publication. The following year, Google altered it for a three-minute video. Since then, it has acted as a thought-provoking annual reminder of how much we rely on Google to give us news and information on the things that bring the world to a standstill.

The Learning

Remind your clients how much you value their loyalty. These stories trigger a multitude of emotions but eventually unify everyone—no matter what Google goods they might like—through an uplifting message of how our usage of the firm represents the best in all of us.

5. Metro Trains: Dumb Ways to Die (2012)

Melbourne Metro Trains Australia created the sweet and humorous song commercial "Dumb Ways to Die" to raise awareness of train safety. Since its 2012 premiere, 157 million people have watched it on YouTube. This has replaced the customary announcements or warning signs found in train stations. The moral of the story is revealed at the end of the video after you've seen adorable cartoon characters pass away in the silliest of ways: there are many stupid ways to pass away, but the most stupid ones would be if you died while standing on the edge of a train platform, driving through a railroad sign, or attempting to cross a train track.

The YouTube advertisement became popular. The song was downloadable via iTunes and even broadcast on the radio with an advertisement.

The Learning

This well-liked, now-famous campaign effectively conveys a straightforward concept, and you won't feel nagged by it as you may with certain PSAs. If your issue is depressing or monotonous, consider using originality to communicate your message.

6. Wendy's: Where's the beef? (1984)

With this advertising effort, Wendy's used direct marketing to target its rivals. Where is the beef? was a slogan that swiftly came to stand in for everything their audience's lives lacked. It was used to criticize competitors' burgers for lacking meat. With barely a year to go, the campaign had time to gradually accomplish its objectives. Wendy's (wisely) didn't over-promote their hit phrase, even though it's impossible to foresee when a catchphrase will become popular and when it won't. The campaign barely lasted a year, giving it time to gradually complete its goals.

The Lesson

Be cautious with the successes and failures of your campaigns. Simply because you discover something effective doesn't mean you should keep using it until it becomes stale. If you let your business develop and change, you might discover that trying something new in the future will help it succeed even more.

7. Procter & Gamble: Thank You, Mom (2012)

Some of the most effective advertisements from the consumer products sector have been released by Procter & Gamble (P&G).The tales of the supportive mothers who cheered on these top athletes their entire lives in the lead-up to that great accomplishment. And certainly, they undoubtedly had to do a lot of cleaning and laundry while traveling (presumably using P&G products).

The lesson

The season or time frame of your ad is significant. Yet, even if you run an advertisement as P&G did during the Olympic Games, make sure it has a lasting impact and a message that can persuade viewers regardless of where or when they see it. If your product or narrative has a larger, more universal tale behind it, tap into it—and put it front and center—as emotional and nostalgia marketing are effective strategies to influence people's purchasing decisions.

8. KFC: "FCK" (2018)

In February 2018, the chicken ran out at KFC's UK outlets. To make a funny, albeit explicit, response to their product shortfall, KFC rearranged its three famous initials in a full-page advertisement in the U.K. daily Metro. The ad features a bucket of KFC with the letters "FCK" on it, to say, "FCK, this is embarrassing." Under this concept, the business says sorry for what it realizes to be an apparent failure, if not in a lighthearted manner. The Learning

The Lesson

No company is beyond expressing an honest apology. And it will only get better if you can laugh at yourself while doing it. KFC's advertisement demonstrates how to incorporate class, humor, humility, and company pride into a message that can help you recover from negative publicity and even come out on the other side with a net-positive outcome for your brand.

9. Dove: The “Real Beauty” Campaign

Dove commissioned an FBI sketch artist to create portraits of women based on their descriptions of themselves and those of strangers. The illustrations were quite different, and Dove presented the startling statistic that only 4% of women worldwide think they are beautiful. The ad touched the audience emotionally and was well-received by the audience.

10. Whassup: Anheuser-Busch (1999)

This series of ads debuted in late 1999 and shows a group of pals conversing on a group phone call (not very frequent these days, huh?) while enjoying beers and "watching the game" on television.

Interesting things start to happen as more friends start picking up the phone. Over the ensuing few years, sports networks routinely aired "WHASSUP!" as a catchphrase and an emblem of the beer-drinking culture, which is shouted back and forth.

The Lesson

During the 2000 Super Bowl, the advertisement swept pop culture by storm, and its effects may still be felt today. Why? How informal and stupid an advertisement can be without offending anyone or being off-brand was demonstrated by Anheuser-Busch. Celebrate the eccentricities of your audience. Your goods are worth more the more sincere your advertisement is.

Advertising is one of a business's most crucial components and has the power to make or break its success.

What distinguishes a successful advertising campaign? Above all else, it must effectively market your goods or services. It must be memorable and snappy.

Your next advertising campaign may be the one that grows your company to new heights with proper strategy and execution.

Let us take look at Psoriasis in India

Psoriasis is estimated to affect around 2.5% of the Indian population, making it one of the most common skin diseases in the country. However, many people with psoriasis in India are unaware of their condition or do not have access to adequate treatment. This is due to a number of factors, including lack of awareness, stigma, and financial constraints.

• In India, psoriasis is often misdiagnosed as other skin conditions, such as eczema or fungal infection. This can lead to delays in treatment and can worsen the condition.
• Many people with psoriasis in India do not seek treatment because of the stigma associated with the disease. Psoriasis is often seen as a sign of uncleanliness or poor hygiene.
• The cost of psoriasis treatment in India can be a major barrier to care. Many people with psoriasis cannot afford to pay for the medications and other treatments they need.

Access to care

Access to care for psoriasis is a major challenge in India. There is a shortage of dermatologists in the country, and many people with psoriasis have to travel long distances to see a specialist. Additionally, the cost of psoriasis treatment can be prohibitive for many people, especially those who do not have health insurance.

What can be done?

There are a number of things that can be done to improve access to care for psoriasis in India. These include:

• Increasing awareness of psoriasis among the public and healthcare professionals.
• Reducing the stigma associated with psoriasis.
• Making psoriasis treatment more affordable and accessible.
• Training more dermatologists to specialise in psoriasis care.

On World Psoriasis Day 2023, we call on all stakeholders to work together to ensure that everyone with psoriasis in India has access to the care they need.

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Ancient Wisdom for Modern Wellness

A vivid tapestry of centuries-old traditions, cultures, and flavours have been woven together to create Indian cuisine. Indian cuisine has deep historical roots and a long history of being influenced by different dynasties, foreign invasions, and regional diversity. The rich flavours, fragrant spices, and wide variety of regional specialties that make Indian cuisine a culinary marvel are well-known throughout the world. Ayurveda, the antiquated medical system that had its roots in India more than 5,000 years ago, and Indian cuisine are deeply entwined, in addition to the former's culinary prowess. The profound relationship between Indian diet practises and Ayurveda will be analysed in this article, with a focus on how they complement each other to support overall balance and well-being.

An Infusion of Flavors

Indian food has always been a fusion of various flavours and cooking styles, as can be seen in its traditional dishes. The Vedas, historic Hindu writings that date back to 1500 BCE, provide the earliest descriptions of Indian cuisine. These writings describe a wide range of ingredients, including grains like rice and barley, lentils, vegetables, and spices like black mustard seeds, cumin, and ginger.

Khichdi is a straightforward yet nourishing dish made from rice and lentils that is one of the most well-known traditional dishes. Khichdi is still a well-liked comfort food in India today and exemplifies the nutritionally-balanced approach that has been a fundamental part of Indian cookery for millennia.

The Ayurvedic Method of Eating

The connection between diet and health is highly valued in Ayurveda, which is frequently referred to as the "Science of Life." It acknowledges that each person has a distinct constitution, or "dosha" (Vata, Pitta, or Kapha), and that a healthy diet is essential for preserving balance in the body and mind.

• Diets that are tailored to a person's dosha constitution are suggested by ayurveda. For instance:

1. Vata people should eat meals that are warming, nourishing, and grounding.
2. Pitta personalities benefit from hydrated and cooling foods.
3. Foods that are softer, warmer, and stimulating are best for kapha types.

• Ayurveda places a strong emphasis on seasonal food in order to harmonise with the cycles of nature. For instance, it is advised to eat hearty, warming foods in the winter and hydrating, cooling foods in the summer.
• The six tastes of Ayurveda are sweet, sour, salty, bitter, pungent, and astringent. All six tastes should be present in a balanced meal in order to satiate the palette and nourish the body.

Sattvic Diet was a staple of ancient Indian cuisine.

The Sattvic diet is one of the most renowned eating habits from prehistoric India. It is a crucial component of Ayurveda and is founded on the idea of fostering harmony, balance, and purity in the body and mind. The majority of the foods that make up the Sattvic diet are thought of as being pure, clean, and uplifting spiritually.

The following traits of the Sattvic diet are listed:

1. Fresh and Whole Foods: The Sattvic diet emphasizes consuming fresh, whole, and minimally processed foods. It includes fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, grains (especially rice and wheat), and dairy products.
2. Plant-based: The diet is primarily vegetarian, with an emphasis on plant-based sources of protein such as legumes and dairy products. Meat and fish are avoided.
3. Moderation: The Sattvic diet encourages moderation in eating, avoiding overindulgence or excessive consumption. Eating mindfully and in a tranquil environment is considered important.
4. Sattvic Herbs and Spices: Certain herbs and spices, such as basil (Tulsi), cardamom, and saffron, are considered Sattvic and are used to enhance the flavor and spiritual qualities of the food.
5. Satvik Mindset: Beyond the choice of foods, the Sattvic diet promotes a peaceful and compassionate mindset. It encourages gratitude, kindness, and a connection with nature.

It is often followed by those practicing yoga and meditation to create a harmonious mind-body connection. While the Sattvic diet may not be suitable for everyone, it offers valuable insights into the ancient wisdom of balancing diet and spirituality for holistic well-being.

So to sum up

IBy seamlessly integrating the timeless wisdom of our ancestors with the cutting-edge innovations of modern medicine, we are crafting a vibrant tapestry of well-being. This harmonious blend of past and present empowers us to take control of our health and create a future brimming with vitality.

As we embark on this journey towards optimal health, let us be guided by the wisdom of our ancestors and illuminated by the brilliance of innovation. Together, we can create a world where chronic diseases are not merely managed, but prevented altogether.

Once upon a time, in the bustling city of my hometown , I was just a typical teenager juggling between school, academics, and my various hobbies. While most of my friends were engrossed in their textbooks and after-school activities, I had an obsession that set me apart. It all started when I saw a mesmerizing place in a movie, a place that captured my imagination and refused to let go: Dudh koshi. Dudh koshi, with its lush green valleys, pristine rivers, and towering snow-capped peaks, seemed like a world plucked straight from my dreams. It was a place that beckoned to me, and I was determined to see it in all its living, breathing glory.

The journey, I knew, would be neither easy nor cheap. For an entire year, I toiled relentlessly, saving every penny I could find, working part-time jobs, and making sacrifices in my daily life. I scrimped, I saved, and I dreamed of Dudh koshi with every rupee I earned. But gathering the funds was only half the battle. The greatest obstacle was obtaining my family's permission. Convinced that I was diverting too much of my time and energy away from my studies, they were steadfast in their resistance. They believed that my devotion to this travel dream would hinder my academic progress.

However, I was not one to back down easily. I struck a deal with my parents that I would not only pass my exams but secure the top marks in the entire district. The stakes were high, but I was willing to go to great lengths to make my dream a reality. I poured my heart and soul into my studies, determined to excel academically while still pursuing my passion for Dudh koshi. After months of relentless effort, the results came in, and I had indeed achieved what I promised. With my report card in hand, I approached my family, making my plea once more. Their hearts softened as they saw my dedication and commitment, and finally, they relented.

With their reluctant blessings, my journey to Dudh koshi was set in motion. The excitement coursing through my veins was indescribable. I had conquered both personal and academic challenges to reach this point, and I was about to embark on an adventure that would change my life forever.

My journey

As I embarked on my adventure to Dudhkoshi Valley, I couldn't help but feel a childlike sense of wonder and anticipation. This was my first time experiencing a river that flows like milk, a sight I could only imagine as a dream. With each step, I felt like I was stepping into a fairy tale, with the promise of enchantment and discovery awaiting me at every turn.

Dudhkoshi Valley:

The journey to Dudhkoshi Valley began with a picturesque drive through winding mountain roads. As we approached, the valley appeared before me like a scene straight out of a fantasy novel. The name Dudhkoshi translates to "milk river," and it lived up to its name. The river flowed gently, its waters a shimmering white, resembling the purest of milk. The banks were lined with vibrant rhododendron forests, creating a captivating contrast against the pristine waters.

The Enchanting Lake:

But my journey didn't stop there. After a serene walk through the valley, I stumbled upon a hidden gem – a mesmerizing lake, tucked away in a secluded nook. The lake was a mirror reflecting the world around it. It was as if the sky had come down to meet the earth, and in this celestial union, magic was born. The water was so crystal clear that you could see the colorful pebbles beneath, and the surrounding mountains stood tall like guardians of this enchanting oasis.

Wow the view-

The view was surreal, like stepping into my very own Disney land. The valley and lake were not just beautiful; they were otherworldly. The water of Dudhkoshi flowed with a milky opulence that defied nature's regular course. It was as if someone had painted the valley with the purest, whitest milk, and in doing so, had created a masterpiece. The lake was the stuff of dreams, so perfectly still and clear that it seemed like a portal to another dimension, a place where time stood still, and nature whispered its secrets to those who cared to listen.

Enchanting Experiences:

My journey to Dudhkoshi and the enchanted lake brought me a series of enchanting experiences that I will cherish forever:

1. Serenity of Nature: The peace and serenity of the valley were unmatched. The gentle rustling of leaves, the soft whispers of the river, and the melodious bird songs filled the air with tranquility.
2. Starry Nights: At night, the sky above the lake was ablaze with stars. It was like being in a planetarium where the constellations danced to a celestial tune.
3. Local Encounters: I had the privilege of meeting the warm-hearted locals who shared their stories and traditions. Their connection to this magical land added depth to my experience.
4. Hiking Adventures: Exploring the surrounding mountains and trails revealed hidden waterfalls, lush meadows, and breathtaking vistas that left me in awe.

My journey to Dudhkoshi Valley and the enchanting lake was a dream brought to life. It was a place where nature's magic painted a vivid, enchanting landscape, and I left with a heart full of gratitude and an enduring sense of wonder. It was truly a Disneyland come to life, and the memories will stay with me forever.

Traveling is not going or being transported from one place to another rather it is a feeling of being lost in the right direction. We travel not to escape life but for life not to escape us. An investment in traveling is like an investment in yourself. This makes me nostalgic of an enriching and rejuvenating trip. When we were writing the last examination of our first semester, we received a warm surprise from our school. It was an itinerary for a trip to Lonavala, a hill station surrounded by green valleys in western India near Mumbai, Maharashtra. We beamed with joy and felt as if the Earth danced to our song. We knew it would be an enthralling experience to cherish. I went through a mixed of emotions as I knew in the deep corner of my heart that this would be my last trip with my school friends. Having spent fifteen memorable years with them, it was difficult for me to digest this fact.

The glorious Autumn sky was reflecting yellow and orange adding a tinge of red to it. The sun shone brightly and the birds chirped gleefully. We were bubbling over that gleeful excitement that comes from running to school for an annual excursion. Our parents waved us goodbye and we embarked on your journey. It was a three-day-trip organised by Patel Tourist Education Concept Pvt. Ltd, a school trip executor and we were accompanied by our school teachers. The bus ride was quite fascinating as we played songs and danced to them and involved the teachers in our dumb charades. We reached our hotel, ‘The Fern’ which was some of the most glamorous hospitality locations in the world due to the level of service they provided. We were served nutritious yet lip smacking food at the hotel for lunch.

As the sun went below the horizon, we headed towards the Mapro Garden. It was a breathtaking sight to see a beautiful backdrop of lush green trees and magnificent Sahyadri ranges. The garden was home to farm-fresh fruits like strawberries, blackberries and oranges. We also captured some sweet memories at the garden and bought some of their specialties from the store. We returned to our hotel for dinner andplayed cards till late night.

The next morning we went to Karla caves which is an ancient Buddhist shrine carved out of the rock. It was no less than a trek to see the Karla caves as we had to climb about three fifty uneven steps to reach there. Our hands became clammy and our armpits were soaking wet but it was worth the weight as it was a picturesque view to see the heighted mountains amidst the cool fog.

We went back to our hotel and geared up for the next event which was the musical night. The students as well as the teachers put on their western outfit for the bash. Initially we hesitated to dance owing to the presence of our teachers but as time passed we got ourselves engaged in the dance. The night was enhanced when our teachers joined us in the dance. We dozed off as soon as our head touched the pillow due to the day-long schedule. With sweet memories and a grateful heart we checked out of the hotel. On our way to Mumbai, we visited the Nab Lions Home for the Aging Blind and encouraged them by purchasing their hand-made articles.

‘No one realizes how beautiful it is to travel until they come home and rest their head on their old, familiar pillow.” This trip has been stored in my mind gallery where it can never be deleted. I will always cherish this marvelous trip. It is rightly said that time runs at a snail’s speed when you want it to hurry and rushes at a hare’s pace when you want it to wait.

Progress and development cannot be resisted. We live in an era of many interventions and changes occurring in every minute detail of our lives. The living cannot be devoid without technology and advancements. We live in a complex and technology-driven society. Nothing is simpler. The effects remain enormous when seen at the global level. It is the driving force behind climate change. Is it more destructing than constructing the world we live in, it is something to debate about, but we cannot go backward and avoid the requirements of the developments. More and more urbanization will occur, and the natural resources will keep on depleting every single day. What is the solution here? Is there any?

Introducing the Green Climate Fund

The Green Climate Fund (GCF) was established to create funds and make financial decisions, enabling developing countries to turn NDC (Nationally Determined Contribution) ambitions into climate action. the financial support is achieved by grants, concessional debts, private investments, equity instruments or guarantees, etc. These funds are used in mitigation and adaptation activities. Mitigation embraces the initiatives taken to reduce the release of greenhouse gas emissions and increase the capacity of carbon sinks. Eight mitigation areas have been mostly focused on. They are health, food and water security, livelihoods, and people and communities, energy generation and access, transport, infrastructure and built environment, ecosystems and ecosystem services, buildings, cities, industries and appliances, forests, and land use.

How does GCF come into existence?

It was in the year 2009 when GCF was first proposed at the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the UNFCCC in Copenhagen, Denmark (COP 15), and in the year 2010, GCF was established in Cancun, Mexico (COP 16). GCF serves as the financial mechanism of the UNFCCC (UN Framework Convention on Climate Change). The first meeting for GCF’s governing board was held in 2012, participated by the developed and developing countries. In December 2013, Songdo, Republic of Korea was made the permanent headquarters for establishing funds. In 2015, the first project investment decisions were taken at Paris COP in which 195 countries agreed to it. Since then, many countries have taken an active part, pledged, and donated to the cause. 

Who are the contributors to the GCF?

These are nearly 49 countries that have pledged under GCF and 9 representing countries which include Chile, Columbia, Indonesia, Mexico, Mongolia, Panama, Peru, the Republic of Korea, and Vietnam. Austria pledged for the first time at the Pledging Conference 2014, in which Austria announced USD 25 million and signed EUR 26 million. The contributors can also be cities that wish for significant contributions to the great cause. Major city contributors include Paris. The population prefers to live in cities and urban regions because the facilities and opportunities are much more advanced and accessible than the rural areas. Nearly 70 % of the population lives in cities, and they consume most of the resources, causing the most damage to the global climate. The idea is to generate a global response to climate change and prevent the emission of harmful greenhouse gas house emissions, especially from developing countries.

What is the purpose of GCC and GCF?

It aims to improve the resilience of communities and ecosystems to climate change. The purpose also includes protecting the biodiversity and ecosystems of the Amazon. It supports the Great Green Wall (GGW) initiative, which was launched in 2007 by African Union member countries. The Great Green Wall region is adversely affected in the Sahel, Africa due to of climate change, and it suffers a temperature increase 1.5 times greater than the rest of the world. The increased number of floods and droughts has led to destruction in the area and threats to life and livelihoods. The population is suffering, and the land is either parched or drowned, making it unfit for living, producing, and thriving. This initiative prevents desertification, combat climate change, and help people adjust and cope with the situation. Interestingly, at the One Planet Summit, there has been a constant effort to finance the GGW countries for promoting climate-resilient agriculture, ecosystem restoration, and climate-resilient infrastructure. The focus is on renewable energy to utilize the resources efficiently and bring as minimal effect to the climate as possible.

Conclusion

It is one of the attempts taken globally, and because it is country-driven, it does raise the essential funds needed for the cause. Many such attempts have been initiated, and people actively participate at smaller and larger levels. The need for making aware the community and population is immense. People may still find it very difficult to understand the depth of the problem. It is an issue that affects all, including humans, animals, plants, and even the non-living physical factors of the planet. Survivability is in grave danger, and we need to understand that the planet is becoming inhabitable, mostly due to anthropogenic factors. Man has caused this; man needs to stop it!

Narsobachi Wadi is a peaceful town tucked away in one of Maharashtra's beautiful natural settings.. This undiscovered treasure, well-known for its spiritual significance and outstanding natural beauty, provides the ideal fusion of devotion and picturesque appeal.

Come along with me as we explore the delights of Narsobachi Wadi in a virtual trip.

Sense of calm
I noticed a sense of calm and spirituality as soon as I arrived in Narsobachi Wadi. The town is well-known for having an ancient shrine to the Hindu god Lord Dattatreya. The temple complex, which is filled with beautiful carvings and colourful sculptures, emits a sense of spirituality. People come here to pray for blessings and make deep spiritual connections.

Datta Jayanti and Festivals:

During the spectacular festival of Datta Jayanti, the birth anniversary of Lord Dattatreya, Narsobachi Wadi comes to life. The entire town is decked out in vibrant colours, and followers from all over the world congregate to take part in the celebrations. An aura of devotion and excitement is created by the rhythmic chants and devotional melodies that fill the air.
Shopping is fun at the crowded Narsobawadi Bazaar, which is close to the temple. The streets are lined with vibrant vendors selling a range of religious items, ethnic wear, and regional handicrafts. It's the ideal location to pick up trinkets and really experience the native way of life.

Natural Beauty
Narsobachi Wadi offers stunning natural beauty in addition to the spiritual realm. The calm atmosphere of the town is further enhanced by the placid flow of the Krishna River. I enjoyed a leisurely stroll down the riverbanks as I was surrounded by lush vegetation and pleasant bird tweeting. It was breathtaking to see how the dying light turned the ocean a golden colour.

Vitthal Mandir and Audumbar Tree:

I came to the lovely Vittal Mandir, devoted to Lord Vitthal, not far from the main temple. An old Audumbar tree, thought to be a manifestation of Lord Dattatreya, surrounds the temple. The tree's roots and branches entwine, giving the scene an otherworldly feel. I felt at ease and in harmony as I sat in its shade.

Local Delicacies:

No travelogue would be complete without mentioning the local cuisine and delicacies. A mouthwatering selection of Maharashtrian food is available at Narsobachi Wadi. Every bite was a lovely culinary experience, from mouthwatering sweets like Puran Poli and Modak to classic vegetarian entrees like Misal Pav and Poha.

I felt peaceful and spiritually rejuvenated as I said goodbye to Narsobachi Wadi. I will never forget the town's flawless fusion of dedication, unspoiled beauty, and kind hospitality.

Outdoor enthusiasts

In addition to being a popular pilgrimage site, Narsobachi Wadi is a haven for outdoor enthusiasts looking for peace in the midst of breathtaking scenery. It is a location where nature and spirituality coexist together, providing a very enriching trip experience.

Decoding the 10 wonders of Ghost Pepper: “Bhut Jolokia” or the world’s seventh hottest chili at a glance

Do you ever crave hot spicy food even though it makes you sweat? Well, you are not alone! The reason behind cravings may be associated with a number of reasons such as hormonal changes, emotions, social influences, frequent exposure to capsaicin, and physiological changes in chemosensation. Some people are naturally drawn towards spicy food and prefer having them. The internet has even developed a very interesting name for this - ‘Spicy-ophile’. Capsaicin is a major component present in chili. The body creates endorphins in response to the heat from eating spicy food, which it mistakes for pain. This makes us feel better and can decrease feelings of depression or stress. Capsaicin can help boost your mood by releasing more endorphins and making you happier!

Now let us get to today’s Wonder chili: The heat-stimulating glory called “Bhut Jolokia”.

It exploded in popularity on YouTube and other social sites where pepper heads ate whole Ghost Peppers as part of a challenge. This is the first pepper to test over 1 million Scoville scientifically. Let's trace back to the history of our chili friend: These are naturally occurring peppers that are found in the north-eastern states of India especially Nagaland, Assam, and some parts of Bangladesh. The taste of these peppers is smoky and almost sweet at first until after thirty to forty seconds when the intense heat creeps up almost like a ghost. Hence the colloquial etymology of ‘Bhut’ means ghost and ‘Jolokia’ is the term for pepper or chili. These peppers are around three inches long and one inch wide. The shape of the pepper is spherical on the top and pointed towards the end. Even though the most commonly found color of the Ghost pepper is red, it comes in a variety of other colors as well such as yellow, orange, white, brown peach, and purple. The different colors of the ghost peppers are infused with different flavors. The hotness of peppers is measured by a unit called the Scoville Heat Unit(SHU), the hotness of the Ghost Pepper is about a whopping 1,041,427 SHU which became the first ever pepper to have a hotness to measure over a millionth SHU.

The Ghost Pepper is indeed the spiciest pepper to exist but people often mistake it for the hottest pepper in the world but it isn't so. The Ghost Pepper was declared the World’s Hottest Chilli in 2007 and held the title for four consecutive years. At present the hottest chili is the Carolina Creeper which has a SHU of about 2,200,000 which is twice the amount of hotness than the Ghost Pepper. The other peppers which are higher in hotness level are the Trinidad Morgua Scorpio which holds the second position in the hotness meter. Currently, there are 9 varieties of peppers that rank higher in the hotness meter than the Ghost Pepper namely Doughlah, Primo, Trinidad Scorpion” Butch T”, Komodo Dragon, Naga Viper, Barrackpore, Jonah, Infinity, Bedfordshire Super Naga. The rest of the chilis in the list are hybrids whereas, Ghost Pepper is a unique single species to have such high pungency.

Ghost chili is also a big part of the culture and an important element in the North-East Indian cuisine of India. The cuisine of Assam and Nagaland uses the ghost pepper to often flavor non-vegetarian curries and pickles.

The Bhut Jolokia pickle is prepared in the state of Assam using ghost pepper, mustard oil, and some fermented bamboo shoot. Similarly, the Bhut Jolokia is also used to prepare dishes like the Naga-style chicken curry and pork curry. One of the unique ways in which the Ghost Pepper is used as a flavoring agent is now in chocolates to lend chocolates a unique flavor.

The heath-friendly hotness: Plants belonging to Capsicum species produce a group of alkaloid type of secondary metabolites called Capsaicinoid that makes it hot. Among them, Capsaicin is the main responsible factor for the hotness of chili pepper. Bhut Jolokia contains 3 % (of dry weight) more Capsaicin than normal chili pepper. That’s why Bhut Jolokia (Ghost Pepper) is so hot. 

The plant has numerous health benefits and the tribal people in North-Eastern India have cracked the code of using the plant for all its benefits.

1. Say goodbye to pain, naturally: The TRPV1 receptor in the brain is responsible for the detection and regulation of body temperature and pain. Capsaicin triggers our brain to produce endorphins. Endorphins are the natural pain killer and it produces a sense of wellbeing. A patch of capsaicin is used for pain relief. You can find capsaicin gels made from Bhut Jolokia in the market nowadays. Capsaicin in addition to other medicine and herbs makes capsaicin products more effective as painkillers for minor muscle aches, backaches, brushes, and sprains.
2. Joint Pain? Who?: Arthritis is most common in old age that causes pain and disability in older people. Bhut Jolokia is used to treat arthritis and is quite successful. A fine paste of Bhut Jolokia, Garlic, Ginger, Betel Nut Leaf, Sesame, and Salt can be prepared. The paste should then be heated. After that, it should be applied directly over the joints where there is a pain as a patch. After 60 minutes the applied paste can be removed. Then it should be washed with lukewarm water and massage the area with oil. This procedure starts giving relief within 10 days.
3. Good Bye to bad skin!: The capsaicin found in Bhut Jolokia is said to cure skin diseases. Eating Bhut Jolokia prevents us from many skin diseases. There are many gels made from capsaicin of Bhut Jolokia to treat skin diseases like shingles and psoriasis and other skin disorders.
4. Cancer Prevention: The capsaicin in Bhut Jolokia represses the growth of cancer-causing cells. It stops metabolic activity and kills the cancer cells. It is found that capsaicin was able to block breast cancer from spreading to other cells. Moreover, it kills cancer-causing cells of the prostate gland. Dihydro-capsaicin found in Bhut Jolokia helped to induce our body to kill colon cancer cells.
5. Say hello to the natural glow!: Bhut Jolokia has antioxidant properties. It contains beta carotene and anti-oxidants which supports our immune system and helps to boost metabolism and increase body heat, fighting off cold and flu. The antioxidant property in Bhut Jolokia can even prevent cardiovascular diseases. Consuming Bhut Jolokia supplies the right amount of the required antioxidants for our body. It promotes health, prevents diseases, and treatment of ailments thereby providing health security.
6. Spice up your heart’s health: Preventing heart disease is one of the most important health benefits of Bhut Jolokia. All the types of compounds found in Bhut Jolokia are used to cure and prevent several heart diseases. To list some of them are coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, hypertension, and Atherosclerosis. Studies reveal that capsaicin inhibits the clotting of blood and platelet aggregation. It can pass through the plasma membrane of platelets and thus alter membrane fluidity. Serum lipoproteins are responsible for the transportation and delivery of fatty acids, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Consumption of Bhut Jolokia regularly for 4 weeks can increase the resistance of serum lipoproteins to oxidation in adult men and women.
7. Weight Issues? Sweat it out with the heat!: This is one of the important health benefits of Bhut Jolokia. If you eat it in any form, it reduces body fat accumulation. In a study, it was found that the capsaicin in Ghost Pepper altered thermogenesis and lipid metabolism-related protein. The non-pungent compound found in Ghost Pepper is responsible for weight loss. Eating regularly in Bhut Jolokia promotes reduction in body weight and oxidation of body fat.
8. For a healthy Gut!: Our stomach and intestines have many types of sensory nerve endings. One of the types of nerve is capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves. This type of nerve plays an important role in the maintenance of gastrointestinal mucosa. Gastrointestinal mucosa is responsible for the protection of the inner lining of the digestive system. Capsaicin found in Bhut Jolokia helps our gastrointestinal mucosa to remain strong and intact.
9. Keep the sugar level in check!: Bhut Jolokia has a wonderful health benefit for diabetic patients. Capsaicin found in Bhut Jolokia is reported to have antidiabetic activity. Eating ghost pepper in any form lowers the blood sugar to a normal level for a diabetic patient.
10. Getting a healthy liver is one chili bite away!: Consuming Bhut Jolokia in any form improves our liver function. Studies have shown that it can even cure injury caused in our liver. Carbon Tetrachloride(CCl4) found in many aerosols, CFC gases, and industrial use have profound effects on liver damage. Studies reveal that capsaicin protects the liver against Carbon Tetrachloride liver damage.

The famous Ekvira Temple is located in Lonavala, Maharashtra, among the picturesque hills. This temple, revered for its spiritual significance, gorgeous setting, and magnificent architecture, is a haven for followers looking for peace and blessings from the gods. Join me as I take you on a virtual tour of the fascinating Ekvira Temple.

I felt the cold breeze and the revitalising aroma of nature as I pulled up to the lovely hill station of Lonavala. The town, known for its verdant green valleys and foggy mountains, offers the ideal environment for reviving one's spirituality.

A magnificent uphill route must be taken in order to get to the Ekvira Temple. The picturesque views of the surrounding hills and valleys are provided by the meandering roads, which enchant visitors with their tranquil charm. The travel itself turns into a soul-satisfying experience, preparing the mind for the coming spiritual encounter.

When I arrived at the Ekvira Temple Complex, I was astounded by its magnificent architectural design and tranquil atmosphere. The exquisite carvings and decorative flourishes on the temple walls displayed the area's rich cultural past.

The Goddess Ekvira Devi, an incarnation of the Goddess Renuka or the Goddess Parvati, is the object of the temple's devotion.
Spiritual Significance: Devotees visit the Ekvira Temple in search of the goddess' blessings because they believe that she will grant their requests and guard their interests.

The chants and prayers offered by the faithful reverberated with the heavenly force in the air. The calm location offered a favourable setting for reflection and spiritual connection.

I joined other devotees in the sacred act of pradakshina (circumambulation) around the temple to show respect and devotion. The chants' rhythmic beats and incense's fragrant aroma heightened devotion and produced a gracious ambiance. It was humbling to watch worshippers execute rituals and offer prayers since it showed how devoted and devout the pilgrims were.

The Ekvira Temple is strategically situated on a hill, providing panoramic views of the surrounding valleys and rich green surroundings. The spectacular view provided as a reminder of the wonder of nature and its close relationship to spirituality. Witnessing the interaction of light and shadow on the hills, which provided a calm and lovely backdrop for the temple, was a visual pleasure.

Exploring Lonavala:

In addition to the temple, this city has a lot to offertourists. The town is well known for its picturesque spots where visitors may savour the splendour of nature, including Tiger Point and Bhushi Dam. For foodies, Lonavala's regional cuisine is a must-try, especially the renowned chikki (a sweet treat composed of jaggery and nuts).

As I said goodbye to the heavenly temple of Ekvira and the alluring town of Lonavala, I brought with me a sense of spiritual renewal and mind-blowing recollections. The mystical atmosphere of the temple combined with the breathtaking natural beauty of the surroundings produced a singular and educational travel encounter.

The Ekvira Temple in Lonavala is a monument to the peaceful coexistence of religion and nature, welcoming both pilgrims and tourists to set off on a profound journey in the midst of peace.